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MICHAEL BARA lunaranomalies@mn.rr.com
STEVE TROY malibu0406@yahoo.com

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Langrenus: Gas…. Or Glass?
by
Steve Troy

For hundreds of years, astronomers and sky watchers have been intrigued by a pattern of mysterious glows and flashes on the lunar surface. Transient Lunar Phenomena (TLP) have always been controversial, in spite of many well documented observations in recent years. NASA has kept a database of sightings for decades, but has never officially acknowledged the reality of them beyond noting the observations. Various explanations have been ventured, but none have really firmly established themselves in the eyes of a scientific community that would actually prefer they not exist at all.

That may all be about to change. Audoiun Dollfus of the Observatoire de Paris identified glowing, dancing clouds of light within the crater Langrenus from observations in 1992 and is about to have a paper published on them. In his paper, he has classified the strange lighting effects as escaping gas from fractures on the floor of the crater. According to the BBC report on the paper, Dollfus observed the strange glows for several days before they faded. Each night he observed them, the glows seemed to have changed shape from the day before.

TLP's, as I stated before, are nothing new. Winifred Sawtell Cameron of the Laboratory for Space Physics, NSSDC Goddard, published several documents on these controversial sightings. In a 1971 Comparative Analysis document, she elaborates on a legion of questionable causes for them that include tidal effects of apogee and perigee and magnetic-tail effect. TLP categories are listed that include Prof. Dollfus's colorless-brightenings caused by gas or gas mixtures. Another mentioned cause is the sunrise effect from ground materials due to luminescence of surface features.

But what we think is that the much more likely explanation, for a variety of reasons, is that Dollfus was seeing Glass, not Gas!

Many researchers on this team including myself are convinced that during specific lunar libration and phase, some "colorless-brightenings" are indeed reflection/refraction of sunlight off of remnants and regions of artificial glass structure. When I began my investigations into lunar anomalies I began by investigating analog data: the raw negatives acquired from NASA archives. In these early times I found negatives with peculiarly bright regions above the horizon that seemed to be transparent. After helping to verify the lunar glass hypothesis, I am at a loss to understand how Prof. Dollfus's can arrive at his conclusions. The basic scientific explanations for these numerous redundant sightings that have been acquired by a variety of imaging and other remote-sensing technologies, both manned and unmanned, and from two independent space programs, is undeniable:

That what we're seeing are the remnants of a former extensive network of massive lunar domes constructed by "someone" at many sites on the lunar surface. The basic explanation for the TLP-luminous anomalies seen on the supposedly changeless, hard vacuum of the Moon is a reflection of sunlight off of a polished, mirror-like surface. Extensive lunar work by Richard Hoagland has confirmed this. The numerous examples of refractivity and reflectivity plainly visible on examined NASA images and film indicates that these 'domes' were made of a crystalline, 'glass-like, low-loss, high strength, optically transparent matter.' Further work by Hoagland on much of the Apollo 10 Photography showed this 'glass' to be suspended on a darker "rebar" framework, perhaps of a different optical nature.

For years contentious viewpoints given by the planetary and scientific paradigms and NASA have been given regarding the lunar flashes, TLP, and the Mars and lunar work in an effort to somehow make their relevance disappear. During the 1996 Washington Press Conference, Hoagland and a host of reputable scientists and investigators descended on the National Press Club in Washington D.C. where they discussed scientific analysis of the glass-theory and other artificial structures found on NASA and Soviet archived photography and film. Key to the introduction of the revealing lunar data is the synopsis of the geometrical relationships and internal constants inherent in the layout of Cydonia on Mars, and the tetrahedral, and powerfully predictive messages of the numerical "coincidences" between the patterns there and the patterns on the Moon.

One of these scientists at the Press Conference was Robert Fiertek, who has analyzed many of the Mars and lunar photographs. He developed elaborate computer-assisted design (CAD) models of potential arcologies visible at Cydonia, and applied similar programs to the lunar photos and discovered orthogonal and geometric regularity. What was even more relevant to the glass-hypothesis was that from lunar frame- to- frame, it was determined that NASA may have developed a 'special purpose, X-R (extended range) light sensitive film' able to capture ultraviolet regions for photographing glass. This could adapt to changing conditions and high speeds of the orbiters to capture chimerical light reflective surfaces! He was asked how glass on the Moon could be proved. He showed the result of a CAD algorithm done that replicated the geometrical patterns from Apollo 10- 4822 that was fed into it. It gave in an astonishing 'forensic-style,' grid-like pattern of what the dome at Sinus Medii might have looked like unknown years ago. Equally remarkable was the fact that many of the domes seen on the photography are evident in more than one frame making it impossible to dismiss them as 'something' on the film.

So now with the carefully documented photographic examples from Apollo and Lunar Orbiter history clearly resolved, the obvious geometric reflections from glass-like surfaces, some of which are many miles high and across, the Earth-based explanation of at least some "TLPs" has been confirmed. Domes as large as the one seen on a photo from the Zond 3 Soviet mission could certainly be seen from Earth based telescopes at the right phase and lunation in a location like Langrenus.

Hoagland has calculated lunar orbital measurements and angles to show the distance and size of structures such as this. He also has accurately pointed out that if we are looking at glass, which has a high Q (the ability to transmit sound waves without significant loss), the organized glass structures would be registered in the seismic data which causes the Moon to ring, possibly as a result of an anomalous abundance of a ‘high-quality ceramic.’

One of the most truthful indicators of the mystery and scientific confusion regarding TLPs and NASA observations of the Moon comes from official NASA documents. The question has been "What did they know and when did they know it?" From the Apollo 16 Preliminary Science Report:

"One of the most intriguing orbital observations was made at approximately 123:07 GET (3:01 C.S.T.) April 21, 1972. The CMP (Command Module Pilot) was watching the stars rise over the approaching sunrise horizon while he was waiting to execute on e of the zodiacal light photographic sequences. While in a totally darkened cockpit, he noticed a bright flash that appeared to the south of the ground track and several degrees above the horizon. This flash was of very short duration and did not remain long enough to permit recording of a geographical position." (NASA SP-315, Preliminary Science Report, Crew Observations, p.5-4)

What they saw in lunar orbit were regional "flash-units" when the phase and sun angles were synchronized to reflect the sunlight. Transparency is also evident, and both the transparency and refractivity are the signatures of glass or crystalline surfaces. More massive flash-units have also been recorded. Richard Hoagland discovered the crystalline Tower and Shard on Lunar Orbiter III84M, the Tower extending many miles into the lunar sky as well as remnants of glass rebar in Sinus Medii. A lunar dome that rises 4+ miles above the north-shore-massifs of Mare Crisium was recorded on an Apollo 10 photograph.

All of which, when measured against the observations made by Dollfus, make intriguing sense. Gas eruptions, even in the 1/6 lunar gravity, would certainly not linger for days. The spray and venting would be dispersed in a few hours at most. But a towering glass like structure, hit with sunlight at just the right angle, would produce an ongoing reflection for quite sometime on the slowly rotating lunar surface, especially when viewed from the same spot on Earth.

Despite what the federally funded naysayers at NASA may solicit, the lunar-glass hypothesis is alive and well and if they’d do the homework they would see that the enigmatic, crystalline fingerprints are causing the optical flash-distortion seen by Dollfus and many others. Certainly at the beginning of this new millennium, we are still hopeful that we’ll see a greater influence of both politicians and scientists interested in the truth. And maybe when we decide to go back to the Moon, we’ll hear from astronauts who will say that we haven’t been alone. I believe Alan Bean, Apollo astronaut-artist-author saw these domes. In his book, Apollo, An Eyewitness Account… he painted many of his shiny, "patent-leather" and rainbow colored memories that include ice-blue pyramidal and domical shapes above his lunar horizons, reflecting his subconscious memory of the lunar glass that he really did see in the Ocean of Storms.

We have glimpsed the real Moon and have learned that we were not the first to go there. And here we’ve stayed for over 30 years by this discovery. To quote Hoagland, "…and what we must now find the political and spiritual courage to resume the immediate and vigorous exploration of this vital legacy, which, it is increasingly becoming obvious, someone a long time ago meant for us to find." The glass, not gas, will be there when we do.